Phragmites australis has become well-established in the Green Bay area and is spreading quickly. Low water levels in Green Bay and Lake Michigan have helped it spread, since it is very effective at moving into areas of newly-exposed shoreline. It also moves quickly through roadside ditches, where mowing practices can help spread the seeds. It is a problem for private landowners who would like to maintain their access to – and views of – the water. Large stands of dry Phragmites stems can also be a fire hazard.
Phragmites populations can be treated either chemically (herbicides) or mechanically (hand-cutting or mowing), however such treatments may require a permit from the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Even with treatment, populations are very hard to control. Researchers and land managers continue to explore new treatment techniques, and combinations of treatment techniques, to find the most effective ways to keep this plant in check. Once a population is established, it is very hard – if not impossible – to eradicate.
MATERIALS FROM THE FEBRUARY 2008 WORKSHOP
Workshop agenda (pdf, 13 Kb)
Workshop notes (pdf, 65 Kb)
Summary of Feedback Forms (pdf, 57 Kb)
List of Attendees (pdf, 13 Kb)
PowerPoint Presentations:
Phragmites Control on Door County State Natural Areas, Mark Martin, WDNR (pdf, 2 Mb)
West Shore Green Bay Phragmites Control Methods, John Huff, WDNR (pdf, 2 Mb)
Results of a Large-Scale Helicopter Herbicide Application in Lower Green Bay, Gary Van Vreede, USFWS (pdf, 3 Mb)
Control and Management of Phragmites on the Oneida Reservation, Betsy Galbraith, Oneida Tribe of Indians (pdf, 2 Mb)
Project Areas:
The table below contains information regarding the project/treatment areas that were identified by attendees; note that sites are listed from northwest (Seagull Bar in Marinette) to southeast (Woodland Dunes Nature Center in Two Rivers). Click on the Site Number in the first column to view a map of the project/treatment area. All images are pdf files of approximately 2 Mb.
Map Location Number & Image |
Description |
Contact Person |
E-mail |
Site 1 |
Seagull Bar, Marinette County, follow-up treatments |
John Huff, DNR |
john.huff@wisconsin.gov |
| Site 2 |
Peshtigo River Area - follow-up control at the mouth of the river |
| Site 3 |
Oconto Marsh - treatment within and on the dike |
| Site 4 |
Pensaukee Pike Spawning Area |
| Sites 5 & 6 |
Northern Pike Project - Brown County Land Conservation Department |
Larry Kriese, Brown County |
Kriese_LM@co.brown.wi.us |
| 7 (Sites 6 - 8) |
Bay Beach Wildlife Sanctuary, UW-Extension GM herbicide trial |
Vijai Pandian, UWEX Brown County |
vijai.pandian@ces.uwex.edu |
| 8
(Sites 6 - 8) |
US Fish and Wildlife Service and UW Green Bay Research Area |
Gary Van Vreede, USFWS |
Gary_VanVreede@fws.gov |
| Site 9 |
Peninsula State Park - USFWS grant, 6 month limited-term position to work on shoreline invasives |
Kathleen Harris, DNR |
kathleen.harris@wisconsin.gov |
| Site 10 |
Potawatomi State Park - Herbicide sprayed in 2007 with follow-up in 2008 |
Mark Martin, DNR |
mark.martin@wisconsin.gov |
| Site 11 |
Plum Island - USFWS, CCS grant |
Gary VanVreede, USFWS |
Gary_VanVreede@fws.gov |
| Site 12 |
Little Lake, Washington Island - Door County Land Trust and DNR |
Jodi Milske, Door County Land Trust or Mark Martin, DNR |
jmilske@dcwis.com
mark.martin@wisconsin.gov |
| Site 13 |
Washington Island and Rock Island - DNR |
Mark Martin, DNR |
mark.martin@wisconsin.gov |
| Site 14 |
Newport State Park - DNR |
| Site 15 |
Rawley's Bay- USFWS and TNC |
Gary VanVreede, USFWS or Mike Grimm, TNC |
Gary_VanVreede@fws.gov
mgrimm@tnc.org |
| Site 16 |
North Bay - DNR and TNC follow-up |
Mark Martin, DNR |
mark.martin@wisconsin.gov |
| Site 17 |
Moonlight Bay - DNR and TNC |
| Site 18 |
Toft Point - Friends of Toft Point and DNR |
| Site 19 |
Bailey's Harbor and The Ridges |
Mark Martin, DNR and Dick Campbell, BC Enterprises |
mark.martin@wisconsin.gov
dcampbell@dcwis.com |
| Site 20 |
Whitefish Bay - follow-up treatment with landowners and DNR |
Mark Martin, DNR |
mark.martin@wisconsin.gov |
| Site 21 |
Lake Forest Park Road Neighborhood Group - Door County Invasive Species Team |
Bob Bultman, Door County Invasive Species Team |
DCIST1@gmail.com |
| Site 22 |
South Lake Michigan Drive Neighborhood Group |
| Site 23 |
Homeowner follow-up treatment |
Dick Campbell, BC Enterprises |
dcampbell@dcwis.com |
| Site 24 |
Woodland Dunes Nature Center, Two Rivers, WI - treating scattered colonies in 100 acre marsh |
Woodland Dunes Nature Center |
woodlanddunes@lakefield.net |
LINKS TO ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
WDNR Resources
WDNR Fact Sheet, “Beach Maintenance Activities” (pdf, 80 Kb)
WDNR News Release, June 13, 2007: Managing Shorelines along Green Bay and Lake Michigan
Phragmites australis Literature Review (in support of new WDNR Invasive Species rules) (pdf, 69 Kb)
WDNR Phragmites australis Fact Sheet (pdf, 61 Kb)
Wisconsin Waterfront Permit Contacts
Other Resources
Emerging Issues Surrounding Invasion and Control of Phragmites australis in Wisconsin’s Wetlands: A Survey of Wetland Professionals (Wisconsin Wetlands Association web page)
Phragmented Phragmites: Distinguishing Exotic and Native Forms of Common Reed (Phragmites australis) (National Park Service PowerPoint Presentation; pdf, 2 Mb)
Phragmites: Common Reed - Morphological Differences between Native and Introduced Genotypes (Cornell University web page)
A Landowner's Guide to Phragmites Control (Michigan Dept of Environmental Quality; pdf, 6.2 Mb)
A Guide to the Control and Management of Invasive Phragmites (MI DEQ, Ducks Unlimited, USFWS, et al.; pdf, 2 Mb)
Phragmites australis (The Nature Conservancy web page)
Invasive Plants of Wisconsin: Phragmites australis (UW-Green Bay Cofrin Center for Biodiversity web page)
Common Reed Fact Sheet (National Park Service Plant Conservation Alliance web page)
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